Books for Athletes: The Power of Habit

I’ve always wanted to post a monthly round-up of cool, inspiring things I find on the internet, a la Semi-Rad’s weekly round-up. Alas, when left to my own internet-surfing devices, I end up reading clickbait articles about cats that get stuck in weird places and watching hours of fail compilation videos. Luckily, my taste in books is a little* more high-minded, so I decided to start a column where I share what I’m reading OFF THE INTERNET (*gasp*), and how these books have helped me develop as an athlete.

*80% of what I read is detective mysteries, but I also read a lot of nonfiction and self-improvement stuff, and that’s what I’ll be sharing here. Feel free to email me for my totally not highbrow mystery suggestions.

The Power of Habit: Why We Do What We Do in Life and Business

by Charles Duhigg

Some of the books I find the most inspiring athletically have nothing to do with sports at all, but rather tackle how the mind works more generally. I have been carrying around about 15 pounds of sports psychology textbooks (to two continents now agh) and have yet to finish any of them, but I devoured The Power of Habit in a single sitting. Admittedly, it was a long sitting — a seven hour trans-Atlantic flight to be precise — but the point is that I found this book incredibly inspiring.

Duhigg delves deep into how habits work and how basically everything we do is a compilation of learned patterns. He covers addiction, weight loss, homicidal sleep-walkers and how companies use the science of habit to manipulate purchases. According to Duhigg, every single habit is made up of three phases: cue, routine and reward. In other words, there’s a trigger that sets off a learned behavior (the habit), which then results in an expected outcome (the reward).

The key to changing a “bad” habit is to change the routine — if you’re like me, you probably thought the key to changing a habit had more to do with, say, willpower, or avoiding the trigger (what Duhigg would call the cue). This book really made me think about habit formation in an entirely different way. You can’t always avoid the cues, but you can change how you respond to them. And sometimes, as The Power of Habit really explores, the cues and rewards are not as obvious as we think. Duhigg, for example, struggles with a habit of eating a cookie every afternoon — he thinks this behavior occurs because he’s hungry, but substituting a healthy snack doesn’t change his desire to eat a cookie. What does? Getting up from his desk and chatting with a friend. Only by tracking the behavior does he realize he wasn’t hungry at all — just bored and in need of social contact. I found this fascinating.

A few reasons this book is worth a read if you want to improve your athletic game:

1. Duhigg gives you a road map for changing your habits by seeking out the cues and rewards. Maybe you’re trying to figure out why you have such a hard time motivating getting to the gym — or why you always drink a beer instead of a recovery drink after a ride (ahem). Understanding habits is a first step towards changing them.

2. This book discusses inflection points — i.e. times when things go wrong and you have a choice of how to deal with them. One of the most helpful anecdotes for me featured a group of hip replacement patients. Half of which were tasked with writing out hour-by-hour, day-by-day plans of how they would deal with their recovery, including what they would do when they encountered inflection points, ex: “when I’ve been sitting for an hour and start to get stiff, I will get up and move.” The group that did this recovered way way WAY faster than the group that didn’t. So anticipating issues before they happen is the key to dealing with them the way you want to, and The Power of Habit offers some helpful suggestions on how exactly to do that.

3.The central thesis of this book is that habits can be changed. But only (ONLY!!!) if you believe and acknowledge that they can be changed. In other words, you can get fitter, faster, healthier, smarter — but first, you have to believe that that change is possible.

Leave me a comment or shoot me an email if you’ve read this book (or if you do!). I’d love to hear what you thought of it, or if you feel it’s helped become a better athlete or achieve your goals more generally.

This is Why Having a Growth Mindset Matters

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There’s a lot of talk about growth mindsets these days, mostly spurred by Carol Dweck’s amazing (and amazingly popular) TED Talk on grit and growth mindset in the classroom. But what I’ve realized is that nearly everyone prefers to talk about how to inspire other people to have a growth mindset, specifically small, impressionable children who have not yet been ruined by years of misguided school systems telling them they suck at math. Naturally, this is easier, and far less messy, than trying to dismantle a fixed mindset in an adult. Because not only do fixed mindsets cause your world outlook to be fixed, they also adhere themselves to your brain, your identity, your very being, in a way that is decidedly, well, fixed.

I know because I’ve been trying not to have one, and it’s hard. It’s specifically hard because there’s not much info out there on how to do this. Sure, you can google “tips for developing a growth mindset” and uncover lots of flowery (albeit probably true) garbage about opening yourself up to challenge and re-framing failure and whatnot, but this isn’t very helpful if you don’t know what a growth mindset is, or you can’t recognize the problems in your life that stem from having a fixed mindset.

I had my first revelation on the topic a year and a half ago when I wrote a post called “Why You Should Do the Things You’re Bad At” although I didn’t realize at the time that I was talking about growth mindset. Mainly I was talking about how I had just then (at the age of 23, sigh) realized that a person will be good at whatever they invest their time in (and if you’re bad at something, it’s probably because you haven’t invested the time in it). A few weeks ago, I wrote a follow up to that piece about getting better at being bad at things, and as I was writing it, I came to the conclusion that over the course of the intervening 18 months, my world view had evolved dramatically, largely thanks to that idea of “being good at what you spend your time on.” While having a growth mindset is still a work in progress for me (and probably always will be because, ya know, growth), in less than two years I have changed my outlook, my perception of my capabilities, and the way I deal with setbacks and failure. Some major progress happened in that time, and I now realize that it can largely be attributed to working on a growth mindset.

I plan on writing a post with some real world tips on developing a growth mindset, specifically in a mountain biking context, but first I think we need to clear up what a growth mindset is and why exactly working on one is worth it.

Here’s the difference between growth and fixed mindsets, according to Carol Dweck:

“In a fixed mindset, people believe their basic qualities, like their intelligence or talent, are simply fixed traits… They believe that talent alone creates success–without effort. In a growth mindset, people believe that their most basic abilities can be developed through dedication and hard work.”

And here’s what having a growth mindset looks like, in real life (according to me) —

Having a growth mindset is not just “believing you can succeed,” it’s “believing you can change.” This is a crucial distinction for me. I’ve always been capable of believing I could succeed (at least when I was having a good day), so I always thought I had this growth mindset thing under wraps. But dozing off in math class visualizing winning a state championship track meet is not the same as, honest to god, believing you are capable of the mental, emotional and physical changes necessary to meet your goals. Visualization is great, but it does not a growth mindset make. Having a growth mindset is finishing a shitty race and thinking “okay, that was shitty, but what did I learn?” And then once you think through what you can learn from the experience, you forgive yourself for having a shitty race and you move the f*ck on. And if you do have a meltdown anyway, with a growth mindset, you can think, okay, next time I’m going to react differently, and then you forgive yourself for having a meltdown and you move the f*ck on. (Seeing a pattern here?) I’m not saying that I’m good at this, but I’ve had plenty of practice over the past few years, and it’s empowering to think of all those shitty races as being building blocks to something, as opposed to just a collection of examples of times when I’ve dramatically underperformed. At the very least, I’ve learned that being happy and fulfilled after a race is a completely separate skill from actually doing well in the race — and it’s a skill that I can work on, and perfect, no matter whether I’m on the podium or DFL. With a growth mindset, failure doesn’t define you and therefore neither does success. While it’s good to believe you can succeed and all, recently I’ve realized that that pales in comparison to the importance of simply believing that you can do better, and knowing that you are willing to work to make it happen.

Having a growth mindset is understanding that it’s okay (good, even!) when something is hard, even if everyone else is making it look easy. Because there are always people who make the hardest things look easy — and 90% of the time, these people were in the same position as you 2,3,5 (or more) years ago — and they’re where they are now because they put in the effort, kept going and progressed. And chances are they occasionally sat down on the side of the trail and wept, or flung their bike into a bushes with a few choice words, because nobody’s perfect. With a fixed mindset, struggle is a sign of failure, or an indicator of a lack of talent. With a growth mindset, struggle is a sign that you’re doing something that’s hard or new to you and that there’s room for improvement. Yes, I admit it sounds semi-ridiculous to get up after face-planting into a pile of rocks and say “well, at least there’s room for improvement,” but you know what, it’s infinitely better than thinking that that face plant means you suck at riding a bike.

Having a growth mindset is understanding and dismantling the limits you place on yourself. If you’re like me, you have a list of things in your head that you’re bad at — for me, it’s math, chess, sports involving projectiles, waiting long enough before flipping pancakes, torrents, organizing my email inbox and touching my toes. Mind you, I’ve been working on my flexibility for a few years now and I can touch my toes just fine, but it remains on the list because that’s just how insidious fixed mindsets are. I was a disgustingly inflexible teenager, therefore, I continue to think of myself as inflexible. Fixed mindsets aren’t based in reality — they’re based in the dark recesses of your psyche and they prey on your insecurities. While realizing this doesn’t entirely fix the problem, it certainly helps. With a growth mindset you can take that list of things you’re bad at, and rename it “things I don’t do.” Frankly, I give zero shits about being good at chess, so it’s likely to remain on the list for awhile, but I’m okay with that. You can get rid of the idea of certain skills being “impossible” for you, and instead think of them as “things I can’t do yet.”

Stay tuned for a guide to developing a mountain biking growth mindset, sometime in the next few weeks!